Now, now the ANTZ are our friends. Well, they would be if E Cigs were brought to market by BP.
In the military ... We had something called a Blanket PartyNow, now the ANTZ are our friends. Well, they would be if E Cigs were brought to market by BP.
I guess you would no longer have the pleasurable effects from eating eggplant, peppers and tomatoes either then. ~sigh~so...there are a couple of primary issues with any vaccine of this type.
the first is that you can inject someone with the vaccine, and they'll make a few antibodies against nicotine, but antibody production really only gears up when you're exposed to the substance. So it's not likely to be very effective against people who aren't exposed to nicotine. If it were safe, the possibility exists that the vaccine would block any pleasurable effects from nicotine if someone was experimenting with smoking. It wouldn't do a darn thing for the carbon monoxide high.
so...there are a couple of primary issues with any vaccine of this type.
the first is that you can inject someone with the vaccine, and they'll make a few antibodies against nicotine, but antibody production really only gears up when you're exposed to the substance. So it's not likely to be very effective against people who aren't exposed to nicotine. If it were safe, the possibility exists that the vaccine would block any pleasurable effects from nicotine if someone was experimenting with smoking. It wouldn't do a darn thing for the carbon monoxide high.
However, if used by someone who has nicotine cravings, the vaccine would be one of the most miserable methods to quit that i could think of. If people who use nicotine/smoke try the vaccine, it will block the effect of nicotine, but not the cravings, and a subset of people are likely to try to use more and more nicotine to assuage the cravings. Since antibody production is also slower than nicotine intake, individuals will have some success in reducing the cravings just by taking in more nicotine - or smoking - even more. Not the most healthy option. There is/was a similar vaccine that was made against a substance that used to be in coca-cola, and it has not been very successful or widely used AFAIK, possibly because some people just used a whole bunch more of the substance.
The other more problematic part is what happens to the nicotine that is bound by the antibodies, and do the antibodies bind only nicotine? Studies on the vaccine have been ongoing for more than a couple of years. A couple of early rat studies indicated that the antibody-bound nicotine was sequestered in some tissues of the body, and none of the early studies that i looked at included data that showed that antibodies bound only nicotine and nothing else.
ETA, here's a discussion about it from a couple of years ago http://www.e-cigarette-forum.com/forum/outside/73315-anti-nicotine-vaccine.html#post1085061
Excellent example of Critical Thinkinghmmm. The lack of abstinence at stage 3 could have been due to not producing enough antibodies...or it could be that the nicotine effects are completely blocked, but that smoking isn't just about the nicotine. It could be the other chemicals in smoke, or just about the hand to mouth (as so many of us know through our own experiences) .
The success rate with placebo vaccine is just about that of FDA approved NRTs, so in early clinical trials the real vaccine was a bit better than the patch or gum. wonder if those projected billions in sales include the booster shots for the other 84% who the vaccine didn't quite work for.....
so...there are a couple of primary issues with any vaccine of this type.
the first is that you can inject someone with the vaccine, and they'll make a few antibodies against nicotine, but antibody production really only gears up when you're exposed to the substance. So it's not likely to be very effective against people who aren't exposed to nicotine. If it were safe, the possibility exists that the vaccine would block any pleasurable effects from nicotine if someone was experimenting with smoking. It wouldn't do a darn thing for the carbon monoxide high.
However, if used by someone who has nicotine cravings, the vaccine would be one of the most miserable methods to quit that i could think of. If people who use nicotine/smoke try the vaccine, it will block the effect of nicotine, but not the cravings, and a subset of people are likely to try to use more and more nicotine to assuage the cravings. Since antibody production is also slower than nicotine intake, individuals will have some success in reducing the cravings just by taking in more nicotine - or smoking - even more. Not the most healthy option. There is/was a similar vaccine that was made against a substance that used to be in coca-cola, and it has not been very successful or widely used AFAIK, possibly because some people just used a whole bunch more of the substance.
The other more problematic part is what happens to the nicotine that is bound by the antibodies, and do the antibodies bind only nicotine? Studies on the vaccine have been ongoing for more than a couple of years. A couple of early rat studies indicated that the antibody-bound nicotine was sequestered in some tissues of the body, and none of the early studies that i looked at included data that showed that antibodies bound only nicotine and nothing else.
ETA, here's a discussion about it from a couple of years ago http://www.e-cigarette-forum.com/forum/outside/73315-anti-nicotine-vaccine.html#post1085061
They also discovered that little of the nicotine they administered to these mice reached the brain. Researchers tested activity of the experimental mice, treated with both a vaccine and nicotine, and saw that it was not altered; infrared beams in the animals' cages showed they were just as active as before the vaccine was delivered. In contrast, mice that received nicotine and not treated with the vaccine basically "chilled out" -- they relaxed and their blood pressure and heart activity were lowered -- signs that the nicotine had reached the brain and cardiovascular system.
Please don"t throw out your Governor or Attorney General--maybe a Senator might be a good idea to throw out.Not me! Oh, I'll still be complaining, though. All of my incumbents are big government proponents.
Exactly Kurt. Even more problematic is that acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that is responsible for the ability to move our muscles.
the other thing that puzzles me is this result:
I'm fairly certain that nicotine is a stimulant- so why would mice receiving nicotine chill out? (Granted i haven't read the original study, but still....)
On the bright side, the chances of this particular new vaccine receiving approval for human testing anytime soon should be pretty slim, since it's delivered via a genetically engineered virus, not an easy delivery method to get approval for use in people, since it's essentially gene therapy.
Well ...Nicotine has contradictory effects. It is considered a stimulant because it increases alertness. You know this is true if you have ever come close to going to sleep at the wheel and got a "second wind" after lighting up a cigarette. But the other effect of nicotine is that it relaxes the skeletal muscles, which gives a feeling of relief from stress.
Nicotine is the only known drug that gives both these benefits simultaneously.
Well ...
That sure helps many understand better the reason
for that wonderful Aahhh feeling after lighting-up a smoke.
There are a lot of ingredients in all types of products that cause cancer.