A dry or burnt hit is pretty much no eliquid in your coil (for whatever reason) or not enough wicking happening, or too high a wattage, or all sorts of things like that.
A throat hit is produced by PG and nicotine, it's a "sensation" you feel in the back of your throat when you inhale, similar to a cigarette, etc. The higher nic level and PG, the more throat hit you will likely feel, although there are some additives that offer a "throat hit" as well.
If you are getting an uncomfortable sensation, it's possible your wattage is too much for the coil, that your PG or nic is too high, etc. I would look at changing some of those factors (e.g. less nicotine less PG, or less wattage) to see if it makes a difference.
Once your coil is burnt, it's burnt. However if you are habitually sort of "pushing" your coil or juice to higher wattages than you'd like, well, it's certainly possible that you could try adjusting some of those factors.
My throat was really torn up when I got here, I was actively looking to AVOID a throat hit and used nicotine salts. Now that my respiratory system has calmed down I will be seeking out more of a throat hit by using freebase nicotine and etc.
However, you can vape with very LITTLE to no throat hit and be satisfied, while sometimes folks really want a throat hit and push the envelope with higher PG, nic, etc.
However, it sounds to me that you are getting a poorly wicked/dry hit for whatever reason, and you might want to look at changing that. The problem with habitually over vaping a coil is it can shorten coil life, make it hard to identify when your wick is well and truly burnt and etc, and depending on how much you may be overheating that coil, you may be producing undesirable byproducts in your vape and etc. I don't know if that is the case, but it's certainly possible.
Anna